ADVANTAGES OF NOVEL APPROACHES: 

• Carriers like liposomes delivers drug in to the dermal & transdermal systems & retained for providing the prolonged release of drugs.
• SLN provide sustained drug release also better penetration of drugs because the small particle size of their drug-carrier system ensures close contact to the stratum corneum and increases the amount of encapsulated drug penetrating the skin.
• Microemulsion gels are used for systemic drug delivery. i.e., lecithin microemulsion gel.
• Ethosomes, cubosomes are used for cosmetics due to their better penetration in the stratum corneum.
• iontophoresis, electoporation and phonosoresis are used to deliver ionic drugs, in systemic circulation.
• oleo-hydrogel used for local action to avoid systemic side effects.

 DISADVANTAGES : 

• Their production cost is high.
• Not available easily.
• Generally low efficacy.
  
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